Effects of predators and herbicides on community structure of benthic invertebrates in paddy fields around the Chikuma River

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  • 千曲川流域の水田における底生動物の群集構造に及ぼす捕食者と除草剤の影響
  • チクマガワ リュウイキ ノ スイデン ニ オケル テイセイ ドウブツ ノ グンシュウ コウゾウ ニ オヨボス ホショクシャ ト ジョソウザイ ノ エイキョウ

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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the factors that influence the community structure of benthos in conventional rice fields. First, we investigated the benthos faunas of paddy fields in Shiojiri and in those with water sources from Shirinashi River and Goka-Mae Pond in Goka around the Chikuma River, Ueda, Nagano Prefecture. The numbers of taxonomic categories of carnivorous aquatic insects and ratio of individual numbers for carnivorous aquatic insects within the entire benthos in the paddy fields of Goka were higher than those of Shiojiri. On the other hand, the paddy fields in Shiojiri were significantly more abundant in numbers of Oligochaeta and Chironomidae than those in Goka. Therefore, it is most likely that the abundance of carnivorous aquatic insects influences the abundance of Oligochaeta and Chironomidae. Second, to evaluate the impact of herbicides on benthos in Goka paddy fields, numbers of individual Oligochaeta and Chironomidae were compared between paddy fields on which two different herbicides were used. Numbers of Oligochaeta in the paddy fields on which imazosulfuron·oxaziclomefone·clomeprop·daimuron was applied were significantly lower than those in the paddy fields treated with dimethametryn·pyrazosulfuron-ethyl·pyriftalid·pretilachlor. This result may be attributed to direct and indirect effects due to the difference in toxicity between the two herbicides.

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