海底傾斜計の開発　Ｉ

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  • Development of the Ocean Bottom Tiltmeter (1)
  • カイテイ ケイシャケイ ノ カイハツ 1

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An ocean bottom tiltmeter is under development for the purpose of detecting the precursors to predict earthquakes. The precursors having the periods between several minutes and a month are the object of the observation by the tiltmeter. The real-time signals of the tiltmeter will be transmitted by FM-FDM system through the submarine co-axial cable. This cable will also serve as the power line. The tiltmeter will be laid on the ocean bottom. Two force-balanced pendulum type and a bubble type tiltmeters are used as sensors. The result of the long term stability test of the sensors shows the long term drifts are less than 2×10-6 radian per month and that the reliabilities are within the order of 10-7 radian. The attitude of the sensors is controlled by a forced gimbal with the clamp mechanisms using the worm gears. A quartz thermometer is installed on the wall of the gimbal to monitor the temperature changes that affect the signals of sensors. The apparatus is composed of the pressure vessel which contains the gimbal and the transmitter and the platform which supports the pressure vessel. The ocean bottom tiltmeter is expected to be settled at about 20 m depth point near the marine observation tower about 1 km off Hiratsuka in Sagami Bay. The observation on the ocean bottom will give us fundamental informations about the quality of the coupling between the ocean crust and the tiltmeter on the sedimentary layer of sand and silt, and about the effects on the tiltmeter of the oceanographical factors such as the changes of the water temprature and the bottom current.

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