Evaluation of Anisotropic Mapping Function Using JMA 10-km Spectral Model

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Abstract

We obtain a set of pointed wet delay observations at a total of 81 stations at 9 separate time epochs by ray tracing through the output fields of a Japanese numerical weather model with a grid spacing of 10 km. For each station-epoch, we invert the simulated data set, consisting of 4000 pointed delays, using an isotropic and an anisotropic delay model. The isotropic model has only one parameter-the zenith wet delay (ZWD). The anisotropic delay model of Chen and Herring has two additional lateral gradient parameters. We find that the anisotropic model leads to a much better fit between the delay model and the delay observations. On the other hand, the ZWD parameters estimated using the differing delay models are almost identical. This implies the ZWD estimates are not greatly perturbed by lateral heterogeneity of the atmosphere.

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