X-Ray Study of Orientational Disorder in Crystals

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  • 高度に分子配向の乱れた結晶
  • コウド ニ ブンシ ハイコウ ノ ミダレタ ケッショウ

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Molecular crystals and ionic crystals which consist of polyatomic groups exhibit “orientational transitions” accompanied by an orientational disorder of polyatomic groups. Some topics on X-ray studies of the orientational disorder, which have been studied by the present author and his collaborators in a recent decade, are summarized.<BR>The observed X-ray diffuse scatterings due to the orientational disorder of NO3-ions in the CsCI-type cubic phases of NH4NO3 and RbNO3 are analysed on the basis of “12-orientation” model. The intensity formulae of X-ray diffuse scattering for polyorientation system, which have been given by Matsubara (Zernike's theory), by Naya (random phase approximation) and recently by Nagai (Bethe's method), are discussed.<BR>Anomalies of X-ray temperature diffuse scatterings due to C44 mode are observed in the NaCI-type cubic phases of RbNO3 and NaCN. By taking account of a linear coupling between the orientations and acoustic phonons, the observed temperature dependences of the diffuse scatterings are explained.

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