Stable Surfactant-Free Toluene-Polyethylene-in-Water Emulsion Prepared by Ultrasonication at High Temperature

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  • Sakai Hideki
    Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
  • Kamogawa Keiji
    Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
  • Sakai Toshio
    International Young Researchers Empowerment Center, Shinshu University
  • Umeda Taeko
    Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
  • Matsumura Atsutoshi
    Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
  • Sakai Kenichi
    Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
  • Abe Masahiko
    Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science

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Abstract

A toluene-polyethylene (PE) mixture, only partially miscible at room temperature (RT), was ultrasonically dispersed in hot water, followed by immediate cooling to give a highly stable surfactant-free oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion. This temperature effect was correlated with physical gelation of the bulk mixture. Prolonged stabilization was achieved only through dispersion at a temperature (Td) above the gelation temperature (Tgel) of the toluene-low-density PE (LDPE) mixture and subsequent rapid cooling. These stabilized emulsions exhibited characteristics such as a small droplet size with a narrow size distribution, low ζ-potential, and round-shaped droplets, which were not observed for the emulsions prepared at Td < Tgel or those at Td > Tgel that had been subjected to slow cooling. From these results, physical gelation through crystallization and modification of the droplet surface by PE were concluded to be essential for the prolonged stability of a surfactant-free toluene emulsion.

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