Packing Density of Glycolipid Biosurfactant Monolayers Give a Significant Effect on Their Binding Affinity Toward Immunoglobulin G

  • Imura Tomohiro
    Research Institute for Innovation in Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
  • Masuda Yuma
    Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
  • Ito Seya
    Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
  • Worakitkanchanakul Wannasiri
    Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
  • Morita Tomotake
    Research Institute for Innovation in Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
  • Fukuoka Tokuma
    Research Institute for Innovation in Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
  • Sakai Hideki
    Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science Institute of Colloid and Interfacial Science, Tokyo University of Science
  • Abe Masahiko
    Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science Institute of Colloid and Interfacial Science, Tokyo University of Science
  • Kitamoto Dai
    Research Institute for Innovation in Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)

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Mannosylerythritol lipid-A (MEL-A) is one of the most promising glycolipid biosurfactants, and abundantly produced by Pseudozyma yeasts. MEL-A gives not only excellent self-assembling properties but also a high binding affinity toward human immunoglobulin G (HIgG). In this study, three kinds of MEL-A were prepared from methyl myristate [MEL-A (m)], olive oil [MEL-A (o)], and soybean oil [MEL-A (s)], and the effect of interfacial properties of each MEL-A monolayer on the binding affinity toward HIgG was investigated using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and the measurement of surface pressure (π)-area (A) isotherms. Based on GC-MS analysis, the main fatty acids were C8 and C10 acids in all MEL-A, and the content of unsaturated fatty acids was 0% for MEL-A (m), 9.1% for MEL-A (o), 46.3% for MEL-A (s), respectively. Interestingly, the acid content significantly influenced on their binding affinity, and the monolayer of MEL-A (o) gave a higher binding affinity than that of MEL-A (m) and MEL-A (s). Moreover, the mixed MEL-A (o)/ MEL-A (s) monolayer prepared from 1/1 molar ratio, which comprised of 27.8% of unsaturated fatty acids, indicated the highest binding affinity. At the air/water interface, MEL-A (o) monolayer exhibited a phase transition at 13°C from a liquid condensed monolayer to a liquid expanded monolayer, and the area per molecule significantly expanded above 13°C, while the amount of HIgG bound to the liquid expanded monolayer was much higher than that bound to liquid condensed monolayer. The binding affinity of MEL-A toward HIgG is thus likely to closely relate to the monolayer packing density, and may be partly controlled by temperature.<br>

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