Mapping the Images of Landforms for Steep Rock Walls via SfM and GIS

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  • SfMとGISによる城壁の地形表現の工夫
  • SfM ト GIS ニ ヨル ジョウヘキ ノ チケイ ヒョウゲン ノ クフウ

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Abstract

<p>In this study, a set of adequate mapping methods for landform analysis in steep rock walls has been proposed and its efficiency has been confirmed. Two rock walls were selected in Fukuoka Castle ruins. Recently, the DEM has been easily calculated via photogrammetry using SfM with coordinated control points. The map image of the steep slopes calculated from the DEM is not always available to show sufficient landform because of the small horizontal extension comparing to the vertical one.</p><p>To convert the coordinates of the three control points on a wall, the geometrical meaning has been recognized and calculation formulas using spreadsheet software for the parallel and rotational movements have been created. They are converted from their original coordinates to new ones．They are at the origin, on the X-axis and on the XY plane. The converted DEM of the wall was calculated via photogrammetry using SfM with the converted coordinate data of these points. In addition, landform analysis of the contour and relief maps were conducted using GIS with the DEM.</p><p>Consequently, the roughness or relief due to piled stones from the maps is easier to be recognized than those on maps using the general DEM before conversion. In addition, averaging of the DEM on some unit area was conducted using a spatial-filtering GIS function. Therefore, it can be concluded that if the averaged DEM can represent an ideal landform of the wall, the degree and extent of its deformation can be estimated.</p><p>This study explains the significance of the coordinate conversion of the control points before the DEM analysis in SfM and the importance of the DEM-scale adjustment before the landform analysis via GIS. Consequently, the proposed set of methods could be used for solving steep slope problems in engineering geology.</p>

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