Thermal Ratchets with Symmetric Potentials.

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  • Kanada Ryo
    Department of Applied Physics, Tohoku University, Aoba–yama 08, Sendai 980–8579
  • Sasaki Kazuo
    Department of Applied Physics, Tohoku University, Aoba–yama 08, Sendai 980–8579

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It is shown that the directed transport of Brownian particles can be induced by thermal ratchets with symmetric, two-state fluctuating potentials, contorary to an earlier belief that at least three states are needed for the potential to fluctuate if the potential is symmetric. It is proved that the potential must lack the symmetry of glide reflection in order for the directed movement of particles to occur in a two-state ratchet. Based on this finding, several models with symmetric potentials are constructed to demonstrate the occurrence of the particle flow.

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