Neutron Diffraction Study of the Irreversible R-MA-MC Phase Transition in Single Crystal Pb[(Zn1/3Nb2/3)1-xTix]O3.

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  • Ohwada Kenji
    Neutron Scattering Laboratory, ISSP, University of Tokyo, 106-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106
  • Hirota Kazuma
    Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578
  • Rehrig Paul W.
    Materials Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, PA 16802, U.S.A.
  • Gehring Peter M.
    NIST Center for Neutron Research, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8562, U.S.A.
  • Noheda Beatriz
    Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, U.S.A.
  • Fujii Yasuhiko
    Neutron Scattering Laboratory, ISSP, University of Tokyo, 106-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106
  • Park Seung-Eek Eagle
    Fraunhofer-IBMT Technology Center Hialeah, Hialeah, FL 33010, U.S.A.
  • Shirane Gen
    Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, U.S.A.

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  • Neutron Diffraction Study of the Irreversible R–M<sub>A</sub>–M<sub>C</sub>Phase Transition in Single Crystal Pb[(Zn<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)<sub>1-<i>x</i></sub>Ti<sub><i>x</i></sub>]O<sub>3</sub>

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Single crystals of the relaxor PZN-xPT display an enormously strong piezoelectric character. Recent x-ray scattering studies have revealed novel electric-field induced phase transitions in PZN-8%PT. As-grown crystals exhibit a rhombohedral structure that, under application of an electric field oriented along [001], transforms into a monoclinic (MA) phase, and then irreversibly to another monoclinic (MC) phase with increasing field strength. Since the latter phase change is very unusual, its transition sequence has been investigated by using triple-axis neutron scattering techniques so that the “skin effect” observed by x-ray scattering can be avoided, and the entire crystal bulk is probed. Contour maps of the elastic scattering have been mapped out in each phase in the (H0L) zone with high q-resolution. Increasing the field strength within the MC phase induces a sharp c-axis jump around 15 kV/cm. This jump was observed easily with x-rays in previous studies, but it was not observed in 5 different crystals examined with neutrons. A subsequent high-energy x-ray study of the same crystals showed that the c-axis jump is distributed within the crystal volume, thereby washing out the jump. The observed R-MA-MC transformational path is in perfect accord with very recent first principles calculations by Bellaiche, Garcia, and Vanderbilt in the PZT system.

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