Spin Excitation in Nano-Graphite Ribbons with Zigzag Edges

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Abstract

Spin excitation in a nano-graphite ribbon with zigzag edges is investigated theoretically. Due to the strongly localized nature of the states near the Fermi energy, the effective Hamiltonian for the low-energy physics is given by the Heisenberg Hamiltonian with the nearest neighbor exchange coupling. The action corresponding to the effective Hamiltonian is mapped to that of the O(3) nonlinear sigma model. It is shown that the spin excitation has a gap when the number of the zigzag lines is even, whereas the excitation becomes gapless in the case of an odd number of zigzag lines.

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