Nematic-Smectic Phase Transitions in Liquid Crystals

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A simplified theory of the nematic-smectic phase transition is developed to study the relation between intermolecular forces and various phases of liquid crystals. This is done by employing the expandable-lattice model and by introducing a new approximation which takes into account the short-range correlation between molecules. The intermolecular force is assumed to consist of an anisotropic dispersion force and an anisotropic hard-core repulsion.<BR>The pressure versus temperature phase diagram is determined for a typical model of intermolecular force. It is found that the nematic phase is surrounded by the smectic, isotropic liquid and gas phase with three triple points. It also turns out that as the ratio of the depth of intermolecular potential between short axes to that between long axes increases above a critical value, the nematic-smectic phase transition disappears and the isotropic liquid-smectic phase transition appears.

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