Development Process of Countermeasures for Disaster Restoration in an Environment Where Volcanic Gases Were Discharged on Miyake Island, Central Japan

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  • 三宅島における火山ガス放出下の災害復旧対策の展開過程
  • ミヤケジマ ニ オケル カザン ガス ホウシュツカ ノ サイガイ フッキュウ タイサク ノ テンカイ カテイ

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The purpose of this research is to investigate how the Anti-disaster Headquarters of Tokyo Metropolitan Government has executed restoration measures for mudflow damage caused by volcanic activity on Miyake Island since June 2000. Most of the restoration of the major ring road along the coast was conducted during the first period from April 2001 to March 2002, aiming at securing the fundamental transportation system for living and reconstruction activities, water and energy supply, communication, and others. The second period from April 2002 to March 2004 was directed for the restoration of other roads including paths that access inland woodlands, and the construction and maintenance of a large number of erosion-control facilities in gullies dissected by volcanic activity. Similar restoration measures were continued and extended to parts of the interior and upstream zones, where watershed management works were also started during the third period from April 2004 to March 2006. In sum, the countermeasures policy for disaster restoration first gave priority to the restoration of roads, particularly those along the coast at first, then shifted attention to the construction and maintenance of erosion-control facilities in and along inland gullies, followed by watershed management works in upstream zones. The sequential and areal shifts of targets of countermeasures for disaster restoration have been made with a perception change among administrative bodies that recognized the effects of volcanic gases as the major object to be controlled in the volcanic disaster as a whole.

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