Development of graphite structure with heat treatment in a carbon sheet derived from cellulose nanofibrils of plant origin

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Commercially available pure cellulose paste of plant origin composed of nanofibrils was dispersed in ethanol or distilled water, and sheets made of the nanofibrils were prepared by filtration. The sheets were carbonized and then heat-treated at temperatures between 2400 and 3200 °C at atmospheric pressure, and the original paste was also carbonized and heat-treated at 3100 °C. The diameter of the cellulose nanofibrils was found to be 30-300 nm in the sheets, while no fibrous texture was observed in the original paste. Structural order of the carbonized sheets improved with increasing heat treatment temperature, and was especially remarkable for the sheet derived from nanofibrils dispersed in ethanol, though turbostratic components were observed even for the sheet heat-treated at 3200 °C. On the other hand, the 3100 °C-treated paste exhibited a typical turbostratic structure. The development of graphite structure in the carbon sheets is probably attributed to surface graphitization, the same as the graphitization of the carbonized sheets prepared from bacteria cellulose nanofibers by heat treatment at high temperatures reported previously. The structural development of the present heat-treated sheets was less than that of the heat-treated sheets prepared from bacteria cellulose nanofibers. The result could be attributed to the thicker diameters and lower crystallinity of the present precursor nanofibrils compared to those of the bacteria cellulose nanofibers.

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  • 炭素

    炭素 2013 (258), 187-194, 2013

    炭素材料学会

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