Hydrogen Permeation Characteristics of Vanadium-Nickel Alloys

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Hydrogen permeation characteristics of palladium-plated vanadium and vanadium-nickel alloy membranes have been investigated using gas permeation technique in the temperature range 423–673 K and in the hydrogen pressure range 1×104−3×105 Pa. Hydrogen solubilities of vanadium-nickel alloys have been determined using a volumetric method in the temperature range 473–673 K and in the hydrogen pressure range 1×102−3×106Pa. The vanadium membranes shows a typical hydrogen embrittlement; cracking occurred during a hydrogen permeation at 473 K under an upstream hydrogen pressure of 1×104 Pa. The membranes of V-10 at% Ni and V-15 at% Ni alloys showed six to fifteen times and two to five times as high hydrogen permeabilities as the palladium membranes, respectively. The membranes of these alloys showed much stronger resistance to hydrogen embrittlement than that of the vanadium membrane. The membranes of V-10 at% Ni and V-15 at% Ni alloys did not show cracking during hydrogen permeation at 473 K under upstream hydrogen pressures of up to 6×104 Pa and 2×105 Pa, respectively. The number of the interstitial sites blocked by one solute nickel atom was estimated to be 1.8 at 673 K and under a hydrogen pressure of 1×105 Pa. The strong resistance of the alloys to the hydrogen embrittlement is attributed to the moderate decrease in the hydrogen solubility and the depression of the miscibility gap toward lower temperatures by adding nickel.

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