Surface Hardening of Titanium by Using a Simplified Carbon and Nitrogen Diffusion Technique with Steel and Carbon Powders

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  • Morizono Yasuhiro
    Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University
  • Kawano Yuka
    Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University
  • Tsurekawa Sadahiro
    Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University
  • Yamamuro Takateru
    Technical Division, Faculty of Engineering, Kumamoto University

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Commercially pure titanium plates were embedded in mixtures of steel and activated carbon powders and then heated at 1273 K for 3.6 ks in a nitrogen flow. During this simplified treatment, a Ti(C, N) layer with a thickness of approximately 10 µm formed on the titanium surface. The surface hardness of the titanium plates coated with the Ti(C, N) layer was more than HV = 1000 regardless of the steel powder ratio in the mixture. Although a Ti(C, N) layer formed upon heat treatment with the activated carbon powder alone, addition of the steel powder led to an increase in the surface hardness and layer thickness. From X-ray diffraction results, Ti(C, N) began to form on the titanium plate heat-treated at 1073 K and became a complete layer at higher heating temperatures. Instead of activated carbon, the use of graphite with added alumina as a reliable anti-sintering agent had no negative effects on the formation of the Ti(C, N) layer.

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