Prevention of Frost Damage at Hillside Tea Field by Sprinkler Irrigation using Natural Waterlevel

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  • 傾斜地の自然落差を利用した散水氷結法による茶園の凍霜害防止
  • ケイシャチ ノ シゼン ラクサ オ リヨウシタ サンスイ ヒョウケツホウ ニ

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Abstract

Sprinkler irrigation is recognized as an effective method for prevention of frost damage of teafield at hillside area in the early Spring. But the irrigation facility is not economical at around hilly areas. We tried to utilize the water level of the tank at the hilltop as a motive force for sprinklers.<BR>Optimum conditions for the slope at 15-25 degree incline was as follows;<BR>Nozzle factor:spouting diameter 2.4 mm<BR>spouting angle 23 degree<BR>spouting pressure 2.5 kg/cm2<BR>Amount of water for irrigation rate, 2mm/hr:<BR>3.6t/hr/10a<BR>Size of water reserver (tank) determined: 30m3<BR>supporsing to be the amount of water needed; 3.6 t/hr (10hr/day);72t/ 2 days, <BR>and the amount of water supplied ; 1.3 t/hr (by pumping up).<BR>For getting enough pressure, the tank must be settled at the place of more than 30 m height. Sprinkler head was set at 80 cm height from the cutting surface of tea field and every 90 m2 (10.4 ×8.7 m diamond spacing).<BR>Sensing units (thermostats) preset at lower than 1°C was placed on the foot of the field, during from just before the time of bud opening to the first crop. By this sprinkler system, frost damages in green tea field was effectively prevented in 1985 and 1986. This system is also expected to be applicable to irrigation and disease and pest control.

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