Carbon mineralization kinetics in forest soil.

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  • TODA Hiroto
    University Forest, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology
  • ABE Touru
    University Forest, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology : (Present address) Department of Forestry Administration, Saitama Prefecture
  • HAIBARA Kikuo
    University Forest, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology

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Other Title
  • 森林土壌の炭素無機化の反応速度論的解析
  • シンリン ドジョウ ノ タンソ ムキカ ノ ハンノウ ソクドロンテキ カイセキ

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Characteristics of carbon (C) mineralization in forest soils were investigated in stands of sugi (Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica D. DON) and hinoki (Japanese cypress, Chamaecyparis obtusa ENDL) in east Gunma, and stands of sudajii (Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii NAKAI) and matebasii (Pasania edulis MAKINO) in central Chiba, Japan. The soil C mineralization process was formulated mathematically using a kinetics model, and three parameters (early C mineralization potential (C0), rate constant of mineralization (k), and apparent activation energy (Ea)) were examined in relation to temperature and soil properties. Soil samples from different depths (0-5 cm (surface) and 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm (subsurface)) were used in a natural state. The fresh soil samples were sieved through a 4-mm mesh, and incubated at 20,25,and 30℃. The samples were extracted at 3-60 days intervals, and the rate of CO2 evolution was measured by the alkali adsorption method. The degree of soil C mineralization was calculated by integration of the CO2 evolution. The integration of C mineralization was fitted to a simple type of non-linear kinetics model. The minimum incubation time was estimated to be about 140 days using the equation for obtaining k. The total C and C0 were greater at sugi and hinoki sites than at sudajii and matebasii sites, and in surface soils than in subsurface soils. The percentages of C0 to total C were 4-9% at sugi and hinoki sites, 8-14% at sudajii sites and 18-19% at matebasii sites. The value of k was greater in surface soils than in subsurface soils, and in surface soils at sudajii sites than at other sites. However the amount of early C mineralization per day (C0・k) was smaller at sudajii sites than at other sites. The turnover of C0・k for total C was greater at matebasii, sudajii, sugi and hinoki sites descending order. The value of Ea was greater at matebasii sites than at other sites. Because the higher Ea organic was included in the C0,the percentage of C0 (or C0・k) to total C was great at matebasii sites.

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