The Logic of Global Family Change in Transforming Modernity

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Other Title
  • 近代世界の転換と家族変動の論理
  • 近代世界の転換と家族変動の論理 : アジアとヨーロッパ
  • キンダイ セカイ ノ テンカン ト カゾク ヘンドウ ノ ロンリ : アジア ト ヨーロッパ
  • アジアとヨーロッパ
  • Focusing on Asia and Europe

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Abstract

This essay employs modern family theories developed by Japanese sociologists since the 1980s, to capture the logic of family change in transforming modernity all around the world, particularly in Asia and Europe. To begin with, a theoretical framework that combines demographic transitions and gender changes to define family and social changes is proposed. According to this framework, the first demographic transition and housewifization of women formed the first modernity, with the modern family as the unit of society. Similarly, the second demographic transition and de-housewifization started the second modernity characterized by diversification of family forms and individualization.<br>Modernity in East Asia is understood as compressed modernity, with Japan as an exception that experienced semi-compressed modernity. Compressed and semicompressed modernity tend to involve “individualization without individualism” or “familialist individualization” to prevent risks related to family. They are also likely to lead to inadequate political decisions through misunderstanding of the results of favorable demographic conditions as being derived from cultural advantages. Particularly, the “traditionalization of modernity” is likely to occur due to self-Orientalism. The compressed modernity of Asian countries other than Japan has resulted in the rapid globalization of the family by combining and mobilizing the elements of tradition, first and second modernity and globalization.<br>In Europe, on the other hand, second modernity can be understood as a phenomenon in societies with relatively declining status in the world system. In other words, second modernity could be the name of the emerging social system adjusted to an aged society with slower economic development, which is the destiny of human societies that have once enjoyed prosperity in the modern world system.

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