Volume of Mantle Diapir Compatible with Life Span of a Typical Island-arc Volcano(<Special Section>Models of Volcano (II))

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  • 島弧火山の寿命に対応するマントルダイアピールの大きさ(<特集>火山のモデル(II))
  • 島弧火山の寿命に対応するマントルダイアピールの大きさ
  • トウコ カザン ノ ジュミョウ ニ タイオウスル マントルダイアピール ノ オ

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Abstract

Typical island-arc volcanoes (10-100 km3 in volume) have typical life span of 20-60 × 104yrs. Both their eruption rates and magmatic temperature tend to decrease during their life span. In order to explain above features of typical arc volcanoes, a series of numerical calculations have been carried out on cooling of a partially molten mantle diapir that has intruded and settled beneath the Moho. It is assumed that length of the volcanic life span may correspond with the time in which underlying mantle diapir cools from 1300℃ to 1200℃ and solidifies. A non-steady 3-dimensional thermal conduction equation was used for the calculation, in which the effects of thermal convection and melt segregation were neglected. The effect of the latent heat (10% partial melt) was taken into account so as to increase the effective initial temperature of diapir by 50℃. According to the present calculation, diapirs with initial volume of 1000 and 5000 km3 are found to solidify within 20 × 104 yrs and 60 × 104 yrs, respectively. It is thus suggested that volumes of cooling mantle diapirs that are compatible with life span of typical island-arc volcanoes are considered to be in the range between 1000 and 5000 km3. This estimation is consistent with other geological and petrological observations on Japanese Quarternary volcanoes.

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