A Human Skeleton of the Early Phase of the Okhotsk Culture Unearthed at the Hamanaka-2 Site, Rebun Island, Hokkaido.

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  • ISHIDA HAJIME
    Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
  • HANIHARA TSUNEHIKO
    Department of Anatomy, Tohoku University School of Medicine
  • KONDO OSAMU
    Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
  • OHSHIMA NAOYUKI
    Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine

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Abstract

A burial site of the early phase of the Okhotsk culture was found at the Hamanaka-2 site, Rebun Island, Hokkaido, from which an adult female human skeleton was unearthed. This is the oldest extant human remains from the Okhotsk culture. Both measurements and nonmetric traits of the skeleton showed that she has common physical characteristics with the Northern Mongoloid populations. Because her skeletal morphology shows a contrast to those of the Jomon, Epi-Jomon and Ainu peoples, we reconfirmed the earlier conclusion that the Okhotsk people were originated in the northern area including the Sakhalin and Amur region and then migrated into the northern Hokkaido with their culture. Severe dental wear had caused apical periodontitis around the left lower first molar, secondarily resulting in tooth fracture. Compression fractures affected the first and third lumbar vertebrae, probably because of osteoporosis.

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