An analysis of measurement errors in mandibulometry with special reference to their influence on the results of inter-population relationship analysis.

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  • 下顎計測値の誤差:とくに日本人の地域差の分析結果に及ぼす影響について
  • 下顎計測値の誤差--とくに日本人の地域差の分析結果に及ぼす影響について〔英文〕
  • カガク ケイソクチ ノ ゴサ トクニ ニホンジン ノ チイキサ ノ ブンセキ

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Abstract

Thirty-three mandibles were measured 3 times by each of 8 observers. Measurement errors in 10 mandibular measurement items were analyzed by nested analysis of variance, and the measurement items were classified into reliable and unreliable groups. To evaluate the loss of information caused by the exclusion of unreliable variables, a factor analysis was performed. The influence of the measurement errors on the results of an analysis of interpopulation relationships was investigated by cluster analyses of three kinds of biological distances using 40 Japanese groups (26 groups measured by the present authors and 14 groups by Commission of Anthopological Investigation of Modern Japanese Crania), and the magnitude of the geographic differences among Japanese mandibles was evaluated. Among the 10 mandibular measurement items, bicondylar breadth, mandibular length, condylar height, ramus breadth and minimum ramus breadth are reliable because they have small intra- and inter-observer variances. The results of cluster analyses indicate that the magnitude of the geographical differences among Japanese mandibles is greater than systematic inter-observer errors but smaller than sampling errors, and that the only significant difference in modern Japanese mandibles is that between the Ainu and the Japanese.

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