古代日向の地域的中心と交通路

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タイトル別名
  • THE CENTRAL PLACE AND LOCAL PRINCIPAL ROADS OF THE ANCIENT HYUGA PROVINCE, KYUSHU
  • コダイ ヒュウガ ノ チイキ テキチュウシン ト コウツウロ

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This paper is intended to be a summary of the results obtained from the historico-geographical survey of ancient cities and traffic roads in South Kyushu, on which we have not seen any reports as yet.<br> The earliest historical record of principal roads in ancient Japan dates back to 646 A. D. in the “Taika Reformation” documents. It still remains unclarified, however, to what regions in the ancient Japanese islands the roads were extended, on what scale each station was established, and what practical functions it had.<br> The names of the stations which were set up over the country in those days can be obtained from the historical document “Engishiki, ” edited c. 927 A. D. The record shows that the roads used to run from Nara or Kyoto, both being the ancient capitals of Japan, to all provinces, just in the same way as the principal roads of the ancient Roman Empire radiated to its provinces from the capital Rome. It is also apparent from “Engishiki” that stations of those days were distributed at intervals of 16-20km. along the road.<br> The present writer has made a historico-geographical research on the 16 sites of stations in the ancient Hyuga province of Kyushu Island. The method adopted in this research was to investigate the names of old local places, “Koaza, ” on cadastral maps and then to observe the topography of the sites of stations.<br> There have been evidences clear enough to indicate the following three points:<br> First, it seems that the original forms of the two national roads in Kyushu today, Road No. 10 running along the coast of the Hyuga Sea and No. 268 crossing the Kyushu mountains from east to west, can be traced back to ancient times. Secondly, present Nobeoka, Miyazaki, and Kobayashi in Miyazaki Prefecture are supposed to have originated from sites of ancient stations. Lastly, it has become evident that the central place of the day was situated at Saito City of present day, where there used to be a political center in the age of “Kofun” culture around the 3rd and 4th centuries, and where an ancient provincial capital called “Kokufu” is known to have been built in the 7th century.

収録刊行物

  • 地理学評論

    地理学評論 46 (10), 633-642, 1973

    公益社団法人 日本地理学会

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