The Classification and Enslavement of Unbelievers in Early Nineteenth-Century West Africa:

KARIYA Kota

doi:10.11619/africa.2016.89_1

Bibliographic Information

Other Title

19世紀初頭の西アフリカにおける不信仰者の分類と奴隷化：
19世紀初頭の西アフリカにおける不信仰者の分類と奴隷化 : ウスマーン・ブン・ワーディーの著作の分析から
19セイキショトウノニシアフリカニオケルフシンコウシャノブンルイトドレイカ : ウスマーン・ブン・ワーディーノチョサクノブンセキカラ
ウスマーン・ブン・フーディーの著作の分析から
An Analysis of ‘Uthmān bn Fūdī's Works

Search this article

Abstract

At the beginning of the nineteenth century, a large-scale jihad was launched by the Muslim intellectual ‘Uthmān bn Fūdī (d. 1817) in Hausaland, present-day northern Nigeria. This jihad swiftly overwhelmed the Hausa kingdoms from 1804 to 1808, and led to the formation of a state commonly known as the Sokoto Caliphate. This state adopted Islam as one of its governing principles. During the jihad, and in the process of state-building, ‘Uthmān bn Fūdī divided the people living in Hausaland or Sūdān according to their beliefs, and proposed regulations for the capture and enslavement of “unbelievers.” I focus on these classifications and regulations, examining the introduction, after around 1808, of the “thought of tolerance” that permitted the views of less authoritative scholars, and the manipulation of regulations for the treatment of those classified as unbelievers. I discuss how the application of the “thought of tolerance” and the manipulation of regulations expanded the category of unbelievers who could be lawfully captured and enslaved. I also propose reasons for this change in his thoughts.

Journal

Journal of African Studies

Journal of African Studies 2016 (89), 1-13, 2016

Japan Association for African Studies

Details 詳細情報について

Export