Climbing Behaviour and Tolerance to Aerial Exposure of a Freshwater Mussel, Limnoperna fortunei

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  • カワヒバリガイの垂直面登はん行動と干出に対する耐性
  • Climing Behaviour and Tolerance to Aerial Exposure of a Freshwater Mussel,Limnoperna fortunei
  • Climing Behaviour and Tolerance to Aeri

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Experiments on the climbing behaviour and tolerance to aerial exposure of a freshwater mussel, Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker), were carried out in the laboratory with virtually constant temperature and humidity. Two hundred mussels with 4 to 34 mm in shell length were individually placed on the bottom of the cylindrical plastic vessels with water of 10 cm deep, and they were left in the dark during 23 hours. Fifty six mussels (28%) showed a negative geotaxis, climbing the vertical walls of the vessels and attaching above the bottom with their byssal threads. Mean height of the attachment sites from the bottom was 6.8 cm. Smaller mussels tended to exhibit this climbing behaviour with greater frequency than larger mussels. Mussels showing this climbing behaviour were then exposed to air of 26-30℃ and ca. 75% humidity for 10 days. Seven out of the 56 mussels returned to the bottom within 2 days after exposure, but all other mussels stayed above the bottom throughout the experiment and died within 10 days. Mussels not showing the climbing behaviour were individually put in empty glass Petri dishes and exposed to air of ca 28℃ and 75% humidity, and their survival was checked every day. All small mussels with 5-10 mm shell length died within 5 days after exposure, but mean survival days increased with increasing shell length. All mussels died within 10 days after aerial exposure. The adaptive significance of this climbing behaviour and difference in the tolerance to exposure to air between small and large mussels are discussed with a focus on the effective escape response against siltation, predation or brackish water in the field.

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