On-site Detection Method for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents

SETO Yasuo

doi:10.2116/bunsekikagaku.55.891

In a crisis and the consequent management of biological and chemical warfare terrorism using anthrax or sarin, for instance, on-site monitoring and detection are necessary to protect against terrorism and the minimization of damage. The detection performance required for on-site detection can be determined in consideration of the fatal concentration and the minimum infectious dose, as well as their manifestation time. We evaluated the detection performance of commercially available on-site equipment for detecting biological and chemical warfare agents: detection paper, gas detection tube, flame photometric detector, photoionization detector, ion mobility spectrometer, surface acoustic wavelength detector, Fourier-transformed infrared spectrometer, mass spectrometer, ATP bioluminescence detection kit, flow cytometer, and immunostrip, using authentic agents and simulants. There was no detection equipment that fulfilled all properties of the agent species detected, detection sensitivity, detection accuracy, response time and operation easiness. By adopting new detection technologies, a monitoring tape method, enabling the sensitive and quick detection of gaseous chemical warfare agents, and counter-flow introduction atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry, enabling sensitive and real-time monitoring of volatile and nonvolatile chemical warfare agents, and biosensor using sugar chain molecular recognition tool for biological toxins, the combination of existing high-performance on-site detection equipment should provide simultaneous and rapid detection of all biological and chemical warfare agents.<br>

On-site Detection Method for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents

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