Function of Heparan Sulfate in Pluripotent Stem Cells

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  • Hirano Kazumi
    Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Engineering, Soka University
  • Nishihara Shoko
    Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Engineering, Soka University

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  • 多能性幹細胞におけるヘパラン硫酸の機能

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Abstract

Heparan sulfate (HS) is one of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and is composed of GlcA–GlcNAc repeating disaccharide units, which are sulfated by several sulfotransferases. Sulfation structure of HS results in various patterns and can facilitate binding to each morphogen and growth factor, such as BMPs, Wnts, FGFs, and EGFs, and regulate the associated signaling pathways. It was previously revealed that HS and its sulfation are required for maintenance and differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells through FGF4, BMP4, and Wnt signaling. However, most of the functions of HS sulfation patterns are still unknown. In this mini-review, we describe and discuss the functions of HS, including its sulfation pattern in pluripotent stem cells.

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