Behavior of Ammonium Chloride and Ammonium Nitrate in the Atmosphere

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  • TANAKA Shigeru
    Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University
  • KOMAZAKI Yuichi
    Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University
  • YAMAGATA Katsuhiro
    Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University
  • HASHIMOTO Yoshikazu
    Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University

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Other Title
  • 大気中の塩化アンモニウムおよび硝酸アンモニウムの挙動とその解離平衡

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The particulate and gaseous matter sampling was carried out at Institute for Nature Study, National Science Museum in Tokyo during June 11-22, 1985, and February 4-9, 1986, in order to investigate the behavior of ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate in the atmosphere. Gaseous HCl and NH3 were collected by Na2CO3 and H3PO4 impregnated filters in series, after the removal of particulate matter containing ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate with Teflon filter. The diffusion denuders were used for the collection of gaseous HNO3. Each component was extracted with distilled water from the collected samples and its amount was determined by ion chromatography. The average concentrations of gaseous NH3, HCl and HNO3 over more than 100 measurements were O.18, 0.026, and 0.006 μmol/m3 in summer period, and O.09, O.008 and 0.004 μmol/m3 in winter period, respectively. On the other hand, the average concentrations of particulate ammonium, chloride and nitrate were O.13, O.04 and 0.07 μmol/m3 in summer period, and 0.015, 0.09 and 0.03 μmol/m3 in winter period, respectively. The concentration ratios NH3/(NH3+NH4+), HCl/(HCl+Cl-) and HNO3/(HNO3+NO3-) were higher in summer period than those in winter period, and a correlation between these ratios and temperature was observed. Furthermore, a strong correlation between the measured concentration products ([NH3] [HCl] and [NH3] [HNO3]) and reciprocal temperature (1/T) was observed. These results could be explained by the following dissociation equilibria, <BR>NH4Cl( s )_??_NH3(g)+HCL(g) and NH4NO3(s)_??_NH3+HNO3(g).

Journal

  • NIPPON KAGAKU KAISHI

    NIPPON KAGAKU KAISHI 1987 (12), 2338-2343, 1987-12-10

    The Chemical Society of Japan

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