Functional Heterogeneity of Nadph Oxidases in Atherosclerotic and Aneurysmal Diseases
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- Kigawa Yasuyoshi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital
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- Miyazaki Takuro
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Medicine
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- Lei Xiao-Feng
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Medicine
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- Kim-Kaneyama Joo-ri
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Medicine
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- Miyazaki Akira
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Medicine
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Description
<p>NADPH oxidases (NOX) are enzymes that catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Four species of NOX catalytic homologs (NOX1, NOX2, NOX4, and NOX5) are reportedly expressed in vascular tissues. The pro-atherogenic roles of NOX1, NOX2, and their organizer protein p47ph°x were manifested, and it was noted that the hydrogen peroxide-generating enzyme NOX4 possesses atheroprotective effects. Loss of NOX1 or p47ph°x appears to ameliorate murine aortic dissection and subsequent aneurysmal diseases; in contrast, the ablation of NOX2 exacerbates the aneurysmal diseases. It is possible that the loss of NOX2 activates inflammatory cascades in macrophages in the lesions. Roles of NOX5 in vascular functions are currently undetermined, owing to the absence of this enzyme in rodents and the limitation of the experimental procedure. Thus, it is possible that the NOX family of enzymes exhibits heterogeneity in the atherosclerotic diseases. In this aspect, subtype-selective NOX inhibitor may be promising when NOX systems serve as a molecular target for atherosclerotic and aneurysmal diseases.</p>
Journal
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- Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis
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Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis 24 (1), 1-13, 2017
Japan Atherosclerosis Society