火山灰土壌が分布する積雪寒冷地流域の浮流土砂流出抑止に関する研究　Ｉ　　土地利用変化に基づく流出変化とそのモデル化

DOI Web Site 被引用文献1件 参考文献11件

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タイトル別名
  • Studies on Controlling Suspended Sediment Discharge in a Small River Basin that is Covered with Volcanic Ash Soil in a Snowy and Cold Region. I. Analysis and Modeling of Runoff Changes Resulting from Land Use Transition.
  • カザンバイ ドジョウ ガ ブンプ スル セキセツ カンレイチ リュウイキ ノ フリュウ ドシャ リュウシュツ ヨクシ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ 1 トチ リヨウ ヘンカ ニ モトヅク リュウシュツ ヘンカ ト ソノ モデルカ
  • I. Analysis and Modeling of Runoff Changes Resulting from Land Use Transition
  • I.土地利用変化に基づく流出変化とそのモデル化

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Erodible volcanic ash soil widely covers land surface in eastern Hokkaido. In this area farmland reclamation projects, including construction of farm roads and surface and subsurface drainage, have taken place over the past 30 years. Large areas of forest and wilderness have become farmland, therefore reducing erosion becomes an important issue. Increasing erosion may be caused not only by the decrease of vegetation in winter, but also the change of runoff mechanism. Therefore, we carried out a series of research to control suspended sediment discharge at drainage river in the Memanbetsu river basin, where many farmland reclamation projects had finished. As the first stage of the researches, we analyzed daily discharge data over a long period in the basin using filter separation auto-regressive method. As a result, it was proved that the expansion of farmland makes the shape of response function sharper and the distribution of interflow larger. In consideration of those phenomena, we proposed a Nash's assembly model composed of two components i.e. interflow and groundwater flow, and verified its reproducibility. This model is simple. We can calculate runoff by substituting only the separation percentage of effective rainfall for the components' input values which represent the degree of development in each sub-basin. Our model is capable of predicting runoff changes resulting from development of basins, controlling runoff and estimating sediment load by substituting the calculated discharge into the relation equation between discharge and sediment load.

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