ダム建設に伴う移住者に対する職業転換による生活再建策への対応

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  • Compensation Scheme for Dam Construction Project to Provide Resettlers with New Occupations.
  • ダム ケンセツ ニ トモナウ イジュウシャ ニ タイスル ショクギョウ テンカン ニ ヨル セイカツ サイケンサク エ ノ タイオウ

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Involuntary resettlement has become the largest issue in dam construction projects. Provision of farmland as substitute of the lost land is a most appropriate way of compensation, as long as (a) resettlers wish to remain farmers after relocation, and (b) lands to be given to resettlers are available. In case provision of farmlands is not feasible, resettlers are obliged to change their occupation. Re-establishing their living with new jobs is in general difficult and accompanies many uncertainties. The existing policy of compensation for resettlers does not have a provision to deal with such difficulties and uncertainties. The success of aquaculture in Saguling and Cirata reservoirs has been praised, for it has provided resettlers with new jobs and better earnings. However, most of resettlers did not in fact have sufficient funds to commence aquaculture. License to put fish cages on these reservoirs have not been properly managed by the authority to the extent that resettlers could benefit most out of aquaculture. Very small number of resettlers obtained jobs in dam construction related works. Few benefits of the secondary development was enjoyed by resettlers. Some mechanism should be established so that resettlers could be taken care of, in terms of their reestablishing living, even after completion of a dam construction project. Establishment of a fund both for inundated and surrounding areas ought to be a viable option, which may also contribute to preservation of the environment around the project site.

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