Intensity of melt water under strong winds on a mountain slope.

MATSUURA Sumio, TAKEUCHI Yoshitsugu, ASANO Shiho, OCHIAI Hirotaka

doi:10.3178/jjshwr.9.48

Heat fluxes under strong winds were calculated using a heat balance method based on the meteorological observations in a mountainous area of a warm-temperature zone. A numerical simulation of heat fluxes did not agree with one corresponding to the observed melt water. For this reason, we considered that this disagreement resulted from the underestimation of the bulk transfer coefficients used in the calculation of sensible and latent heat fluxes. Therefore, the bulk transfer coefficients of the snowpack on the mountain slope were calculated using the melt water observations. As the result of these calculations, the bulk transfer coefficients were two and half times as large as those of the snow pack on a horizontal area. Although the obtained values of coefficient depended on the locality of the observation site, it was revealed that wind speeds play a great role in the snow melt processes in a moutainous area. From this research work, it was shown that the quantity of melt water supplied from the snowpack to the mountain slope when a strong wind blew was much greater than previous estimation. Furthermore, in order to clarify the relation between bulk transfer coefficients and wind speeds, bulk transfer coefficients under light winds were also calculated. Although the bulk coefficients for light winds showed a very similar tendency to those obtained for strong winds, detailed observations were required to get the accurate bulk coefficients, due to the high possibility of calculation errors.

Intensity of melt water under strong winds on a mountain slope.

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