Individual Variations in the Hardness and Elastic Modulus of the Human Cementum

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  • Yamaguchi Masaru
    Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Yao-Umezawa Eriko
    Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Tanimoto Yasuhiro
    Department of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Shimizu Mami
    Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Kikuta Jun
    Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Hikida Takuji
    Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Takahashi-Hikida Momoko
    Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Horihata Satoshi
    Department of Mathematical Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Suzuki Kunihiro
    Department of Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Kasai Kazutaka
    Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo

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The purpose of this study was to measure the physical properties of enamel and cementum of permanent teeth and to determine the correlation between them. This study was conducted on 50 maxillary premolars that were collected from 26 orthodontic patients (10 males and 21 females, mean age: 19.51 years, range: 12-35 years). The hardness and elastic modulus of the enamel and cementum were measured at the surface of the crown and root at three locations (cervical third: CC, middle third: CM, and apical third: CA). There were individual differences in the hardness and elastic modulus of enamel and cementum. The hardness of the cementum decreased from the cervical to apical regions on the root surfaces in the moderate and soft groups (p<0.01). Individual variations were observed in the hardness and elastic modulus of the human first premolar cementum. A correlation was noted between the hardness and elastic modulus of the enamel and cementum in the CA group (hardness: r=0.551, p<0.01, elastic modulus: r=0.552, P<0.01). These results suggested that the physical properties of cementum may be involved in the occurrence of root resorption caused by orthodontic forces.

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