The Meaning of Donation in Community Chest Drives: From the Socialization to the Fad of Contribution

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  • 共同募金運動にみる寄付行為の意味づけ――社会化からファッション化へ――
  • キョウドウ ボキン ウンドウ ニ ミル キフ コウイ ノ イミズケ : シャカイカ カラ ファッションカ エ

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<p>This study examined the meaning of donation in Community Chest drives in the framework of “Social Work (Shakaijigyo)” from the period after World War II to the mid-1960s. Previous research studies took the idea that Community Chest drives were an obligation, but we focused on how people interested in social work have understood these fund-raising drives.</p><p>Contemporary research papers discussed voluntary participation in the donation and the requirement to visit from door to door, which are contradictions, and the socialization of mutual aid.</p><p>We found that people interested in social work pursued the ideal of socialization of mutual aid, and offering mutual aid was a fad in the mid-1960s. In other words, people's behavior towards Community Chest drives was an adverse consequence to their intention to attach great importance to voluntarism. Voluntarism was the socialization of mutual aid having a spirit of cooperation and participation in making a donation. The Community Chest drives became universal and became very far apart from being motivated by a pure heart. Finally, we found that people of the day thought that the meaning of a donation was different from the pure idea of Community Chest drives.</p>

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