Relationship of seated posture and force on the gluteal region

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  • 座位姿勢の変化と臀部にかかる力の研究

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Sitting posture with posterior pelvic tilt, known as sacral sitting, is the posture most likely to cause problems for elderly wheelchair users. Sacral sitting applies pressure and shear forces to the sacrococcygeal area, which can cause pressure ulcer development. However, the relationship between the pressure and shear forces applied in the case of posterior pelvic tilt has not been clarified. In this study, we evaluated the changes in vertical and horizontal forces applied to the sacrococcygeal and ischial areas for pelvic tilt between 0° and 30° for 18 elderly men and women (age : ≥60 years) with normal body weight (body mass index between 18.5 and 25 kg/m2). The measurements showed that the vertical (horizontal) forces increased between 0° and 30° in posterior pelvic tilt for 18 (17) participants, with a high correlation of 0.96 (0.93) between the posterior pelvic tilt angle and vertical (horizontal) forces applied to the sacrococcygeal area. These measurements elucidated how the forces applied to the sacrococcygeal and ischial areas change in accordance with the posterior pelvic tilt in seated position. The results suggest a relationship between pelvic tilt and pressure ulcer development in the sacrococcygeal area.

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