定常成層流場における人工湧昇流の数値実験的研究

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  • A Numerical Experiment on Structure-induced Upwelling in Stratified Steady Flow Field
  • Numerical Experiment on Structure-induc

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A multi-leveled density flow model was made in order to estimate the effect of the submerged structure for upwelling in a stratified flow field and applied to the upwelling induced by the structure. The validity of the numerical model was shown by comparison with the results of hydraulic model experiments. Using this model, the three-dimensional hydraulic system around the structure has been revealed. The oncoming flow impinges on the structure and then the water which impinges on the upper half of the structure flows over it ( “surmounting flow”); while the water at the lower half passes around the edge of the structure. The surmounting flow raises the interface around the structure, which then creates a gradient of interface in the horizontal plane. The resultant density gradient changes the direction of the surmounting flow into the horizontal direction at the interface. Then the water flows outward, induced by the effect of the density gradient as the water flows downstream. To compensate for this, the bottom water flowing around the structure horizontally converges in the wake and then upwells. This upwelling is not strong enough to break through the interface, but it will transport the nutrients up to the interface.<BR>About the effect of the structure for generating upwelling, the essential following two points were made clear. 1) The three amounts (the maximum height of interface, the area of cross section between deformed interface and initial interface, and the cross section area of the transition layer), increases as internal Froude number increases, and reaches a plateau at a certain value of the internal Froude number. 2) The maximum height of the interface appears at the center of the structure; and the height decreases gradually as it approaches the edge of the structure and decreases sharply as it leaves the structure.

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