A study on the samurai house in the Edo era which can be considered as the origin of the urban detached house in the Meiji era

In this study, we purpose to clarify the relations between the Samurai houses and the modern urban detached houses. The first step of this study is to collect the Samurai houses's documents that were built inside the castle town in the Edo era, and to make the list that is distinguished by the contents of the records. And next step, we analyze the housing code of the Samurai houses, to show the similar points compared with the housing code of the modern official residences early in the Meiji era. Especially, we analyze the two types houses in the standard composition of the so-called “Omote-muki” which is utilized for service to the guests, and of the so-called “Uchi-muki” for a family. And we examine the size of the houses, and the size of the total rooms which are arranged in the “Omote-muki” and in the “Uchi-muki”. As a result of the above analysis, we reached the following conclusions. 1) The Samurai houses were recorded 7 types documents which are the castle town plan, the list of the house, the site plan, the regulation, the rule, the personal diary, the official register. According to the 7 types documents, the Samurai houses were controlled strictly with times. 2) The 3 types documents which are the list of the house, the site plan, the regulation, were used to control the Samurai houses. The documents of regulation match with the rules of the official residences early in the Meiji era. 3) The Samurai houses and the official residences have the same standard size of the houses, and the same principle of arranging the rooms at the “Omote-muki” with “Genkan” and “Zasiki”, and at the “Uchi-muki” with “Ima” and “Daidokoro”. 4) The size of these detached houses could not be over 165 ㎡ (50 “Tubo”). The size of the “Omote-muki” occupied about 30%, and that of the “Utchi-muki” occupied about 70% in the total size.