A low-temperature geothermal system in central Mexico: Hydrogeochemistry and potential heat source

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  • Morales-Arredondo Iván
    Earth Sciences Postgraduate Program/PhD Candidate, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
  • Rodríguez Ramiro
    Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Instituto de Geofísica
  • Armienta Aurora
    Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Instituto de Geofísica
  • Villanueva-Estrada Ruth Esther
    Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Instituto de Geofísica

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Description

The groundwater of low-temperature geothermal systems located in the Mexican Highlands is used as an urban water supply owing to water scarcity in the area. In the Juventino Rosas (JR) area, central Mexico, the highest well temperature is 50°C; most of the hot waters range from 24°C to 48°C. The aquifer systems are formed mainly by Oligocene-Pliocene rhyolite-ignimbrite rocks, basaltic-andesitic rocks of the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB), and Quaternary sediments that filled the valleys. The groundwater of these aquifers contains hazardous elements such as arsenic at 0.0026–0.045 mg/L, fluoride at 0.569–3.03 mg/L, and radon at 1,000–52,300 Bq/m3. Tectonic and subsidence faults and fractures allow rapid ascension of geothermal flow. The presence of this flow was corroborated by the water geochemistry and the water table behavior. Hydrogeochemical modeling was used to define this system as low temperature rather than geothermal.

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