Fundamental Research on Structure and Functions of Ion Exchange Membranes

SUDOH Masao

doi:10.11457/swsj.67.104

This paper describes the measurements and theoretical analysis of transport properties based on inhomogeneity of the ion exchange membrane. According to the Tye model, the intramembrane structure of the ion exchange membrane is divided into an inert polymer phase, the polyelectrolyte phase and the pore phase. The pore phase is filled with outer solution, and the concentration in the polyelectrolyte phase is obedient to Boltzmann distribution. Donnan sorbed concentration in the membrane is estimated by using the Donnan equilibrium relationship for inhomogeneous charged membranes. The measurements of the membrane conductivity were conducted using different methods, and membrane conductivity was analyzed by using an inhomogeneous membrane model in comparison with a potential step method. Ionic transport of the ion exchange membrane is governed by diffusion, migration and convection. Since the fixed charges exist in the membrane, even when there is no electric current, an electric potential within the membrane is formed and affects ionic transport when the counterions with charges inversed to fixed charges travel through the membrane. In this paper, the Donnan dialysis concentration of cupric ions against hydrogen ions with the cation exchange membrane was analyzed using a macro-homogeneous membrane model, and diffusion dialysis of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid was analyzed using an inhomogeneous membrane model.

Fundamental Research on Structure and Functions of Ion Exchange Membranes

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