Vasorelaxant Activity of Sappan Lignum Constituents and Extracts on Rat Aorta and Mesenteric Artery

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  • Sasaki Yohei
    Department of Medicinal Plant Sciences, Hoshi University
  • Suzuki Maemi
    Department of Medicinal Plant Sciences, Hoshi University
  • Matsumoto Takayuki
    Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
  • Hosokawa Tomokazu
    Department of Medicinal Plant Sciences, Hoshi University
  • Kobayashi Tsuneo
    Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
  • Kamata Katsuo
    Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
  • Nagumo Seiji
    Department of Medicinal Plant Sciences, Hoshi University

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We investigated the vasorelaxant activity of the methanolic extracts of Sappan Lignum (CSE) and its constituents, brazilin, sappanchalcone, and protosappanins A—E, on rat aorta and mesenteric artery. By comparing the vasorelaxant activity of CSE and brazilin on both blood vessels, we found that CSE contained active constituents other than brazilin. When added to brazilin, sappanchalcone and protosappanin D showed vasorelaxant activity on both blood vessels precontracted with phenylephrine. We clarified that the vasorelaxant activity of brazilin was endothelium-independent, while that of sappanchalcone was endothelium-dependent, on both blood vessels. On the other hand, the vasorelaxant activity of protosappanin D was independent of the endothelium of the aorta and dependent on the endothelium of the mesenteric artery. Experiments on sappanchalcone and protosappanin D using NG-nitro-L-arginine and indomethacin revealed the involvement of nitric oxide and prostaglandin as endothelium-derived relaxation factors (EDRFs). The anti-oketsu effect of Sappan Lignum might be attributable to the interaction of those compounds. We could partly evaluate the anti-oketsu activity of Sappan Lignum using both the aorta and the mesenteric artery. Through this study, we showed the importance of comparing the effects on the aorta and the mesenteric artery as we found that natural compounds showed different mechanisms of action on the two blood vessels.

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