Nardostachys jatamansi Ethanol Extract Ameliorates Aβ42 Cytotoxicity

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  • Liu Quan Feng
    Department of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University
  • Jeon Youngjae
    Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University
  • Sung Yung-wei
    Department of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University
  • Lee Jang Ho
    Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University
  • Jeong Haemin
    Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University
  • Kim Young-Mi
    College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul
  • Yun Hye Sup
    Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University
  • Chin Young-Won
    College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul
  • Jeon Songhee
    Dongguk University Research Institute of Biotechnology, Dongguk University Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University
  • Cho Kyoung Sang
    Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University
  • Koo Byung-Soo
    Department of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University

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  • <i>Nardostachys jatamansi</i> Ethanol Extract Ameliorates Aβ42 Cytotoxicity

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<p>The Nardostachys jatamansi DC (NJ) root has been used as a sedative or analgesic to treat neurological symptoms and pain in traditional Korean medicine. Here, we investigate the potential effects of NJ on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and reveal the molecular mechanism through which NJ exerts its effects. The neuroprotective effect of the NJ root ethanol extract against β amyloid (Aβ) toxicity was examined in vitro using a cell culture system and in vivo using a Drosophila AD model. The NJ extract and chlorogenic acid, a major component of NJ, inhibited Aβ-induced cell death in SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, the NJ extract rescued the neurological phenotypes of the Aβ42-expressing flies (decreased survival and pupariation rate and a locomotor defect) and suppressed Aβ42-induced cell death in the brain. We also found that NJ extract intake reduced glial cell number, reactive oxygen species level, extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, and nitric oxide level in Aβ42-expressing flies, without affecting Aβ accumulation. These data suggest that the neuroprotective activity of NJ might be associated with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as its inhibitory action against ERK signaling; thus, NJ is a promising medicinal plant for the development of AD treatment.</p>

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