Antiviral Activity of <i>Paulownia tomentosa</i> against Enterovirus 71 of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease
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- Ji Ping
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University Nanjing Children’s Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University
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- Chen Changmai
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University
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- Hu Yanan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University
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- Zhan Zixuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University
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- Pan Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University
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- Li Rongrong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University
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- Li Erguang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University
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- Ge Hui-Ming
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University
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- Yang Guang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University Nanjing Children’s Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University
Bibliographic Information
- Other Title
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- Antiviral Activity of Paulownia tomentosa against Enterovirus 71 of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
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Description
The bark, leaves, and flowers of Paulownia trees have been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat infectious and inflammatory diseases. We investigated the antiviral effects of Paulownia tomentosa flowers, an herbal medicine used in some provinces of P. R. China for the treatment of skin rashes and blisters. Dried flowers of P. tomentosa were extracted with methanol and tested for antiviral activity against enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CAV16), the predominant etiologic agents of hand, foot, and mouth disease in P. R. China. The extract inhibited EV71 infection, although no effect was detected against CAV16 infection. Bioactivity-guided fractionation was performed to identify apigenin as an active component of the flowers. The EC50 value for apigenin to block EV71 infection was 11.0 µM, with a selectivity index of approximately 9.3. Although it is a common dietary flavonoid, only apigenin, and not similar compounds like naringenin and quercetin, were active against EV71 infection. As an RNA virus, the genome of EV71 has an internal ribosome entry site that interacts with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) and regulates viral translation. Cross-linking followed by immunoprecipitation and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed that EV71 RNA was associated with hnRNPs A1 and A2. Apigenin treatment disrupted this association, indicating that apigenin suppressed EV71 replication through a novel mechanism by targeting the trans-acting factors. This study therefore validates the effects of Paulownia against EV71 infection. It also yielded mechanistic insights on apigenin as an active compound for the antiviral activity of P. tomentosa against EV71 infection.
Journal
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- Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
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Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 38 (1), 1-6, 2015
The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
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Details 詳細情報について
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- CRID
- 1390282679611156480
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- NII Article ID
- 130004872241
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- NII Book ID
- AA10885497
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- ISSN
- 13475215
- 09186158
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- NDL BIB ID
- 026000684
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- PubMed
- 25744451
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- Text Lang
- en
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- Data Source
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- JaLC
- NDL
- Crossref
- PubMed
- CiNii Articles
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- Abstract License Flag
- Disallowed