Sharing and Utilizing Information About the Education of Children With Health Impairments in Japan: Review of Trends

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  • 日本の病弱・身体虚弱教育における教育情報の共有と活用に関する研究動向
  • ニホン ノ ビョウジャク ・ シンタイ キョジャク キョウイク ニ オケル キョウイク ジョウホウ ノ キョウユウ ト カツヨウ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ ドウコウ

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Abstract

In Japan, long-term hospitalizations of children with chronic diseases have decreased sharply; the duration of hospitalization has shortened, and the frequency of hospitalization has increased. These changes have exerted a potent influence on the education of children with health impairment s. Utilization of information and communication technologies (ICT) has become essential for education and information-sharing among personnel in education and medical care responsible for a given child. The present paper focuses on sharing and utilizing information about the education of children with health impairments in Japan, and, from the viewpoint of information and communication technology utilization, reviews related national policies and studies on educational practices since the enforcement of compulsory education in special schools came into effect in 1976. In addition, the present article discusses the effectiveness of a booklet that is used to support the education of children with health impairments. These booklets currently play the role of centralizing information on the education provided to children with health impairments by their teachers, such as the instructional methods and teaching materials, so that the information can be shared among relevant personnel involved in the child's educational and medical care. In the future, there should be more research on the utilization of information and communication technology, such as day-to-day linkages between hospitalized students and their schools, and educational support for students whose diseases result in their long-term absence from school.

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