Effects of Stimulus Size on the Processing of Hierarchical Information by Children With High Functioning Pervasive Developmental Disorders

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  • OI Ayumi
    Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba
  • DAIROKU Hitoshi
    Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba

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  • 高機能広汎性発達障害児の階層的情報処理に対する拡大刺激、縮小刺激の効果
  • コウキノウ コウハンセイ ハッタツ ショウガイジ ノ カイソウテキ ジョウホウ ショリ ニ タイスル カクダイ シゲキ 、 シュクショウ シゲキ ノ コウカ

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Abstract

It has been suggested that individuals with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) tend to process visual information locally, rather than globally. The aim of the present study was to test whether preference for local processing occurs regardless of the size of the stimulus. Participants were 8 children with high functioning pervasive developmental disorders (6-9 years old) and 18 children with typical development (TD; 9 boys and 9 girls, average age 7.9 years). The experiment used a Stroop paradigm with hierarchical stimuli consisting of large numbers (the global stimuli) that were made up of many identical small numbers (the local stimuli). The participants had 2 tasks: a local task, to which the answer was the small number, and a global task, to which the answer was the large number. It was found that when the children with pervasive developmental disorders were performing the global task, they had a lower percentage of correct answers on the incongruent stimuli, and their reaction time was prolonged on the neutral stimuli. This suggests that these children preferred local processing. It was also found that when the children with typical development were performing the local task, they had prolonged reaction time on the neutral and incongruent stimuli. This suggests that the children with typical development preferred global processing. These results were consistent across all stimulus size conditions in both groups of children. The conclusion from these results is that visual processing does not appear to depend on stimulus size.

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