Vocational Abilities : A Comparison of Adolescents with Autism and with Mental Retardation

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  • 自閉症児・者の就労に関する研究 : 自閉症児・者の職業能力評価
  • ジヘイショウジ シャ ノ シュウロウ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ ジヘイショウジ

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Abstract

In order to promote the employment of adolescents with autism, it is very important to evaluate their vocational abilities before they start jobs. The present study was aimed at investigating the characteristics of vocational abilities in adolescents with autism, in comparison with adolescents with mental retardation. Samples of 53 adolescents with autism and 82 with mental retardation were administered 20 tests to evaluate their vocational abilities. In the group with autism, a principal factor analysis with rotation resulted in a solution that consisted of 5 factors: Verbal Comprehension, Motor Ability on hands and arms, Perceptual Organization, Social Ability, and Working Ability. In the group with mental retardation, 3 factors were extracted: Verbal Comprehension, Motor Ability on hands and arms, and Perceptual Organization. The group with autism was lower than the group with mental retardation on tests that measured mainly Verbal Comprehension. But in Perceptual Organization abilities that do not require Sequential Motor Abilities or Verbal Comprehension, the group with autism was higher than the group with mental retardation. The results indicate that adolescents with autism have the vocational abilities necessary to do jobs that could be characterized as simple work accompanied by visual information, but that they could not do sequential work.

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