Issues in the Development of Motor Functions and Training Effects in Children with Cerebral Palsy

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  • 脳性まひ児の運動発達と訓練効果にかかわる諸問題
  • ノウセイ マヒジ ノ ウンドウ ハッタツ ト クンレン コウカ ニ カカワル

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Abstract

In order to develop training techniques to improve motor functions in children with cerebral palsy, it is necessary to have objective data to estimate the possibility of change resulting from such training, and systematic knowledge about the development of motor functions in such children. From this point of view, recent studies on the course of motor development, as well as on various factors mediated in the acquisition of walking ability in children with cerebral palsy are reviewed in the present article. In addition, studies on training effects are examined in relation to methodological problems. The results were as follows: (1) Some factors are involved in the acquisition of walking ability in children with cerebral palsy, including reflex activities, postural responses, and the time of acquisition of gross motor functions. It is possible to make a prognosis from these factors when the child is 2 years old. (2) Based on an analysis of the elements in the development of motion and locomotion patterns, it was found that walking ability is acquired through the development of crawling, bunny-hopping, and bottom-shuffling. In the process of acquisition, the step involving anti-gravity motions while kneeling is important for the development of motion. (3) Further studies on assessment measures and more careful consideration of research designs are needed in order to clarify the effects of various types of training on the development of the motor ability of children with cerebral palsy.

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