Multiple organ gigantism caused by mutation in VmPPD gene in blackgram (Vigna mungo)

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  • Naito Ken
    Genetic Resource Center, NARO (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization)
  • Takahashi Yu
    Genetic Resource Center, NARO (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization)
  • Chaitieng Bubpa
    Department of Agriculture, Ubon Ratchathani University
  • Hirano Kumi
    Department of International Agricultural Development, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Agriculture
  • Kaga Akito
    Genetic Resource Center, NARO (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization)
  • Takagi Kyoko
    Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO
  • Ogiso-Tanaka Eri
    Institute of Crop Science, NARO
  • Thavarasook Charaspon
    Department of Agriculture, Chai Nat Field Crops Research Center
  • Ishimoto Masao
    Institute of Crop Science, NARO
  • Tomooka Norihiko
    Genetic Resource Center, NARO (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization)

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  • Multiple organ gigantism caused by mutation in <i>VmPPD</i> gene in blackgram (<i>Vigna mungo</i>)

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<p>Seed size is one of the most important traits in leguminous crops. We obtained a recessive mutant of blackgram that had greatly enlarged leaves, stems and seeds. The mutant produced 100% bigger leaves, 50% more biomass and 70% larger seeds though it produced 40% less number of seeds. We designated the mutant as multiple-organ-gigantism (mog) and found the mog phenotype was due to increase in cell numbers but not in cell size. We also found the mog mutant showed a rippled leaf (rl) phenotype, which was probably caused by a pleiotropic effect of the mutation. We performed a map-based cloning and successfully identified an 8 bp deletion in the coding sequence of VmPPD gene, an orthologue of Arabidopsis PEAPOD (PPD) that regulates arrest of cell divisions in meristematic cells. We found no other mutations in the neighboring genes between the mutant and the wild type. We also knocked down GmPPD genes and reproduced both the mog and rl phenotypes in soybean. Controlling PPD genes to produce the mog phenotype is highly valuable for breeding since larger seed size could directly increase the commercial values of grain legumes.</p>

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