文覚の造営事績と神護寺の鎌倉初期再建堂塔

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タイトル別名
  • STUDY ON MONGAKU AND JINGOJI IN EARLY KAMAKURA ERA
  • モンガク ノ ゾウエイ ジセキ ト ジンゴジ ノ カマクラ ショキ サイケン

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抄録

In Early Kamakura Era (13th century), Jingoji of the Singon Sect was restored in the same condition as it was Early Heian Era (9th century). The buildings were reconstructed by Mongaku. He was generally looked on as a priest for the management side of temple. At the same time, he put the damaged buildings right on Toji (Kyoogokuji). And, the reconstructed buildings of Jingoji may be of great value for-study on the architectural history of Esoteric Buddhism. The conclusion is as follows; It is inferred what Mongaku did that there were three steps in process of the reconstruction on Jingoji. By him (Tab. 2). Although Mongaku intended to restore to its primary condition at the beginning, he had different conceptions on each step. It is presumed that the main buildings on Early Kamakura Era, putting Gomado (Homa Hall) on the one side, were reconstructed under Jitsuroku-cyo which had noted down the condition of Early Heia.n Era (Tab. 3). It is suspected that Mongaku attached great importance to Jitsuroku-cyo on his works after the second step. However, all of buildings had not been reconstructed to the same as before. As the matter of fact, Konpon-do (Main Hall) was changed to the name of Kon-do (Golden Hall) under reconstruction, or later. In the same way, Konponshingon-do (Main Hall of Esoteric Buddhism) and Gobutsu-do (Five Buddhas Hall) were changed to Kanjyo-do (Abhisekana Hall) and Ko-do (Lecture Hall), too. In comparison with each of thier building style, Kon-do (Fig. 2) differed from Konpon-do in planning and form. Kanjyo-do, Godai-do (Five Vidyarajas Hall), and Miei-do were partially altered their planning to extend inner space. And, Ko-do, followed the planning of Godai-dd, and yet it changed to the form of second stories (Fig. 1). Namely, while Mongaku was conservative in his attitude to the reconstruction, he may have been developed to his original conception by experience. It is concluded that in Jingoji the reconstruction was characterised by the diversification which was based on the succession to the original style, the development of a new departure, and the influence of Toji.

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