「歴史細街路」沿いのまちなみの維持・継承における課題

 There are numbers of alleys in the central area of Kyoto City. Alleys in Kyoto are built in its long history of urbanization from medieval times. Along alleys there are a lot of Machiyas remaining, and we can see historic streetscapes at those alleys. The City of Kyoto recently announced a new alley policy, which added the conservation of historical streetscape along alleys as a new policy objective.<br> This paper aims to figure out where the problems lie as a practical matter when we seek to conserve a historic streetscape along an alley, through the detailed examination of the community activities of a town, S-cho, which faces the historic alley Koyaku-no-zushi located in the central area of Kyoto City.<br> Zushi is an address term for old historic alleys that are built during Japanese medieval times. Koyaku-no-zushi, which is said to be already existed in the late Heian era, is a short alley about 140 meters long passing through from one of the busiest arterial road Shijyo street to the southern next street. Almost all of the buildings along Koyaku-no-zushi are Machiyas with traditional design elements such as wooden gratings and earth walls, so that the streetscape of Koyaku-no-zushi is very historic one, which shows a sharp contrast to the townscapes of Shijyo street made of modern buildings.<br> The 10 stories hotel construction project along Koyaku-no-zushi motivated the community to take some actions to conserve the historic streetscape along the Zushi. The community started to think about what they could do for the conservation of streetscape in 2007. The lighting-up event during Gion Festival period was the action they started in order to appeal the beauty of the streetscape to those who visited to the alley and also to protect the alley streetscape against defacing and trash strewing. They continued to hold meetings and asked for help toward Kyoto Center for Community Collaboration, hereinafter called Center. Support members including the author were sent from Center to help their activities. They made their own community rules through several times of discussions in 2010. The rule is a community agreement without legal binding force, which covers from general and daily points such as basic attitudes about relations with neighbors, awareness of fire prevention, maintenance of alley space, to attention to the conservation of the streetscape. After some interval from setting out this community rules, the community tried to make further rules about streetscape conservation and started study meetings with assistance provided by Kyoto city government in 2012. The leading members made up the draft as a basic concept for advanced building regulations and sought the community's judgment, but they couldn't get the accidence from the rest of the community. The contributing factors of the break of consensus formation are as follows; the rapid changes of the constituent members of the community, especially from residential use to commercial use, the shortage of leading members of community activities, the realization of the hotel in question, and the existence of people without interests toward this activities.<br> The characteristics of the alley streetscape can be explained by following three aspects; less than three stories low buildings stand facing the narrow streets, the buildings are wooden buildings with traditional design elements, and the buildings are the old ones built basically before the building standard law was established in 1950. To inherit the streetscape means to keep the former two characteristics, and it requires further regulations and community consensus. The difficulties in consensus formation come largely from the situation of inner city alleys in common, such as small community scale and possibility of rapid changes.