MARCHIAFAVA-BIGNAMI DISEASE—A CLINICAL STUDY

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  • Marchiafava-Bignami病の臨床的検討
  • Marchiafava Bignamiビョウ ノ リンショウテキ ケントウ

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Abstract

We investigated the symptoms and lesion of Marchiafava-Bignami Disease (MBD) in the acute and chronic phases in 8 patients. Six out of the 8 patients developed consciousness disturbance in the early phase and exhibited dysarthria and disconnection syndromes in the chronic phase. MRI revealed lesions localized to the corpus callosum: these results correspond to the clinical features of MBD reported previously. On the other hand, 2 patients showed no consciousness disturbance upon development of MBD signifying that consciousness disturbance may not necessarily be required to carry out the MBD diagnosis. In addition, extrapyramidal signs, such as abnormal posture and rigidity of limbs, were confirmed in 2 patients; one patient showed a lesion in both sides of the putamen as indicated in MRI. Although only 4 similar cases have been reported in the past, this may attract attention as one of the MBD symptoms. It was shown that although consciousness disturbance and frontal lobe signs disappear in the chronic phase, pyramidal signs, as well as dysarthria and disconnection syndromes, continued for a long period. Based on these data, there is the possibility that clinical features of MBD may be more variable both in the acute and chronic phases than considered conventionally. Therefore, we consider it necessary to confirm the lesion in the corpus callosum by performing CT or MRI, taking into account the possibility of MBD, for the persons with habitual alcohol intake who exhibit dysarthria. gait disturbance and convulsion, as well as no clear focal signs.

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