Evaluation of Body Image Disturbance in Japanese Eating Disorder Patients by the Body Shape Questionnaire and the Body Attitudes Questionnaire

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  • Mera Takashi
    Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Occupational & Environmental Health
  • Oka Takakazu
    Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Occupational & Environmental Health
  • Miyata Masakazu
    Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Occupational & Environmental Health:Health Center, Fukuoka University of Education
  • Kodama Naoki
    Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Occupational & Environmental Health
  • Mori Hidekazu
    Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Occupational & Environmental Health
  • Tamagawa Youko
    Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Occupational & Environmental Health
  • Takenaga Masaki
    Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Occupational & Environmental Health
  • Hayashida Sota
    Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Occupational & Environmental Health
  • Hashimoto Tomoko
    Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Occupational & Environmental Health
  • Tsuji Sadatoshi
    Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Occupational & Environmental Health

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Other Title
  • Body Shape QuestionnaireとBody Attitudes Questionnaire日本語版の作成と,それを用いた日本人摂食障害患者の身体イメージの評価
  • Body Shape Questionnaire ト Body Attitudes Questionnaire ニホンゴバン ノ サクセイ ト ソレ オ モチイタ ニホンジン セッショク ショウガイ カンジャ ノ シンタイ イメージ ノ ヒョウカ

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Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate body image disturbances in Japanese eating disorder (ED) patients and to compare them with those of Caucasians. Subjects: The participants, all Japanese women, included 38 normal control (NC) subjects and 30 ED patients (18 with anorexia nervosa [AN] and 12 with bulimia nervosa [BN]). Methods: We first translated the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and the Body Attitudes Questionnaire (BAQ) into Japanese. Then, we asked NC subjects and ED patients to complete these questionnaires. We compared the results obtained between groups and with those obtained in Caucasian women in previous reports. Results: In AN patients, the average scores on the BSQ and BAQ subscale "salience" were not different from those in NC subjects. The average scores on the BAQ subscales "feeling fat," "lower body fatness," and "attractiveness" were lower than those in NC subjects. The average score on the BAQ subscale "disparagement" was higher than that in NC subjects. In BN patients, the following scores were higher than in NC subjects: BSQ total score and several BAQ subscale scores, including "feeling fat," "disparagement," and "salience." However, the average scores on the BAQ subscales "attractiveness" and "lower body fatness" were not significantly different from those obtained in NC subjects. Conclusions: These findings suggest that Japanese AN patients feel less attractive and experience stronger disparagement about their bodies than healthy women, similar to Caucasian AN patients. However, Japanese AN patients may not feel as strongly that they are fat and may place importance on their body weight and body shape at the same level as healthy women, in contrast to Caucasian patients. Japanese BN patients may feel more strongly that they are fat and may experience stronger disparagement about their bodies than healthy subjects. They may also place more importance on their body weight and body shape. Such slanted cognition was similar to that reported for Caucasian BN patients. However, Japanese BN patients do not seem to have a stronger feeling that their lower body is fat and may not consider themselves less attractive than healthy women, in contrast to Caucasian BN patients. This study revealed several cognitive disturbances regarding body image in Japanese ED patients and their differences from Caucasian patients. Therefore, the BSQ and BAQ were thought to be useful for evaluating body image disturbances in Japanese ED patients.

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